Fact Tamil Nadu History

History of Tamil Nadu

The ancietn history of Tamil Nadu dates dorsum close 6000 years too the rootage of its people is theme fighting related to the Aryan invasion theory. Those who believe inward this theory back upward the sentiment that the Tamils belong to the Dravidian race too were operate of the early on Indus Valley settlers. Later amongst the advent of the Aryan invasion, the Dravidians were forced to stay dorsum into the deep south, where they ultimately settled. The acquaint twenty-four hr stream states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka too Andhra Pradesh constitute the Dravidian culture.


¤ Ancient History (1st to ninth centuries)

Tamil Nadu was ruled yesteryear the early on Cholas betwixt 1st too quaternary centuries CE. Karikalan was the get-go too the most famous king, who built the Kallanai (kall - stone, anai - bund), a dam across the Cauvery River, which is considered to hold upward an technology scientific discipline wonder of that time. The Cholas ruled the acquaint Thanjavur too Tiruchirapalli districts too were splendid inward military machine expertise. At the peak of their glory, the Chola kings expanded their influence every bit far every bit Cylon (SriLanka) inward the due south too hundreds of kilometers across the northern region. Cholas comprises the major operate of ancient history of Tamil Nadu. Almost all the Chola Kings build magnificent temples. Brahadeswarer's Temple or to a greater extent than popularly called every bit the Big temple inward Tanjore (Thanjavur)is a classical representative of the magnificent architecture of the Chola kingdom.

During the after one-half of quaternary century, Pallavas the cracking temple builders emerged into prominence too dominated the due south for some other 400 years. H5N1 large part of Tamil Nadu was ruled yesteryear so amongst Kanchipuram every bit their base. In the sixth century they defeated the Cholas too ruled every bit far every bit Sri Lanka. Among the greatest Pallava rulers were Mahendravarman-l too his boy Narasimhavarman. Dravidian architecture reached its paradigm during Pallava rule. The final Pallava King was Aparajitha. He was defeated yesteryear Aditya Chola towards the terminate of the ninth century.

¤ Medieval History (9th to 14th centuries)

Under Rajaraja Chola too his boy Rajendra Chola, the Cholas i time again rose every bit a notable ability inward ninth century inward South India. The Chola empire extended to the key Indian states like, Orissa too parts of West Bengal. Rajaraja Chola conquered the eastern Chalukya kingdom yesteryear defeating the Cheras, too also occupied parts of Ceylon yesteryear defeating the Pandyas. Rajendra Chola went beyond, occupying the islands of andaman too Nicobar, Lakshadweep, Sumatra, Java, Malaya too the islands of Pegu amongst his fleet of ships. He defeated Mahipala, the Rex of Bihar too Bengal, too to grade his victory he built a novel majuscule called Gangaikonda Cholapuram. The Cholas started loosing their ability around the 13th century.

As Cholas declined, the Pandyas i time once again emerged every bit a power, inward the early on 14th century. But this was brusk lived too shortly they were subdued yesteryear Muslim Khilji invaders from the northward inward 1316. The metropolis of Madurai was plundered too completely destroyed. The invasion destroyed the Chola too Pandya dynasties too led to the institution of Bahmani Kingdom inward the northern Deccan.

Due to the 14th century invasion, the Hindus retaliated inward reaction too rallied to build a potent novel kingdom, called the Vijayanagara empire. This empire included all the strongholds of Cholas too other local Hindu rulers to cheque the Muslims. Governors called Nayaks were employed to run dissimilar territories of the empire. Vijayanagar Empire was the most prosperous dynasty inward the south, amongst Hampi every bit the Capital. But yesteryear 1564 the empire came to an terminate at the hands of Deccan sultans inward the battle of Talikota. The empire, dismantled into many parts too was given to the Nayaks to rule. Tamil Country nether the Telugu Nayaks was peaceful too prosperous. The Nayaks of Madurai too Thanjavur were most prominent of them all, who reconstructed some of the oldest temples inward the country.


¤ Modern History (17th century)

The Dutch accomplished a small town inward Pulicat around 1609. The British, nether the British East Republic of Republic of India Company, established a small town farther south, inward acquaint twenty-four hr stream Chennai, inward the twelvemonth 1639. The British took wages of the lilliputian quarrels amid the provincial rulers (divide too rule) to expand their expanse of power.

The British fought amongst the diverse European powers, notably the French at Vandavasi (Wandiwash) inward 1760, too the Dutch at Tharangambadi (Tranquebar), driving the Dutch away entirely, too reducing the French dominions inward Republic of Republic of India to Pondicherry. The British also fought iv wars amongst the Kingdom of Mysore nether Hyder Ali too after his boy Tipu Sultan, which led to their eventual domination of India's south. They consolidated southern Republic of Republic of India into the Madras Presidency.

The nationalist drive inward Tamil Nadu was a drive of historical depth. Its starting betoken is the belatedly eighteenth century. Early manifestations of anti-colonial feeling inward Tamil Nadu were the rebellions led yesteryear the Poligars of Tirunelveli too Shivagana, too the sepoy revolt at Vellore inward 1806.

Some of import Chieftains or Poligars of Tamil Nadu, who fought the British East Republic of Republic of India Company every bit it was expanding, were Veerapandya Kattabomman, Maruthus too Pulithevan.


¤ Tamil Nadu After Independence

After Republic of Republic of India gained independence inward 1947, Madras Presidency became Madras State, comprising of acquaint twenty-four hr stream Tamil Nadu, coastal andhra Pradesh, northern Kerala, too the southwest coast of Karnataka.

The province was after divided on the footing of linguistic lines. In 1953 the northern districts formed Andhra Pradesh. Under USA Reorganization Act, 1956, Madras State lost its western coastal districts. The Bellary too South Kanara districts were given to Mysore state, too Kerala was formed from the Malabar district, the old princely states of Travancore too Cochin. Finally, inward 1968, when the Central Government imposed Hindi every bit the national language, the province of Madras was renamed Tamil Nadu, to trim down the resistance against this determination of the government.

Today, Tamil Nadu is i of the most prominent states of India, famous for its tourist attractions too drawing innumerable visitor's to the state.